Every year, millions of US workers are exposed to heat that causes severe heat-related illnesses. Although such illnesses are preventable, there are several cases reported yearly. Moreover, due to an increased rate of outdoor activities, 50% to 70% of fatalities occur in hot environments.
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has laid down several rules and regulations that make it easier for employers and employees to combat heat-related hazards and spend summer time without experiencing any danger. Let’s explore the guide below to learn about some common risks associated with hot weather and ways to combat the dangers. Read on:
Common Signs Of Heat-Related Illness
Our body has to maintain an internal temperature, but when the environmental temperature increases, our body has to release more heat and energy to function. While sweating is effective in cooling off the body, excessive sweating causes dehydration that drops the blood pressure. Moreover, if workers are wearing unbreathable clothes, fitted shirts, and uniforms that do not help evaporate sweat, it can prove dangerous for the person’s health. Here are some common signs of heat-related illnesses.
Heat Rash
Heat rashes appear as clusters of red bumps or small blisters, typically in skin folds or covered areas. These rashes cause itching or a prickly, stinging sensation. Due to sweating, these rashes get worse and spread to other areas of the skin as well. It’s important to keep the skin dry and cool to clear the rashes.
Heat Cramps
These are often the first signs that the body is struggling to cope with excessive heat. These painful muscle spasms usually occur in the legs, arms, or abdomen and often strike during or shortly after intense physical activity in hot environments. Affected muscles may feel tight or hard, and the cramps are typically caused by dehydration and an imbalance of electrolytes due to excessive sweating.
Heat Exhaustion
It is a more serious condition that happens due to excessive exposure to heat. Individuals experiencing heat exhaustion may show signs of heavy sweating along with cool, pale, or clammy skin. Common symptoms include weakness, dizziness, fainting spells, and nausea or vomiting. A rapid pulse, headache, and intense thirst often accompany this condition, indicating the body’s urgent need for rest, hydration, and cooling.
Heat Stroke
The most dangerous and life-threatening illness is heat stroke. It occurs when the body’s temperature soars to 103°F (39.4°C) or higher, and it can lead to confusion, altered mental status, or loss of consciousness. Unlike heat exhaustion, the skin becomes hot, red, and dry, as sweating may stop altogether. Seizures or severe disorientation can also occur, and immediate medical attention is crucial to prevent long-term damage or death.
Other Heat Related Illnesses
Some of the other heat-related illnesses include flushed face, dizziness, over-sweating, rapid pulse, confusion, hypertension, and inability to speak properly.
10 Effective Workplace Summer Safety Tips
Employees need to stay vigilant about following summer safety tips to combat heat-related illnesses. Their overall productivity is hindered, and they become prone to illness. Hence, here are some important safety tips for workers to follow:
1. Stay hydrated
Staying well-hydrated is your first line of defense against heat-related illnesses. Encourage workers to drink water every 15–20 minutes, even if they’re not thirsty. Avoid caffeinated or sugary drinks, as they can lead to dehydration.
2. Wear light dresses and breathable fabric
Workers should wear breathable, lightweight, and light-colored clothing to reflect heat and allow air circulation. If PPE is required, choose gear designed for hot environments. Proper attire can significantly reduce the risk of heat-related illnesses.
3. Take regular cool-down breaks
It’s important to take a short break if you are feeling exhausted at the workplace. Employers need to schedule frequent breaks in shaded or air-conditioned areas to help workers recover from heat exposure. These breaks prevent overheating and reduce fatigue. Short, consistent rest periods can significantly lower the risk of heat stress.
4. Schedule work during cooler hours
Plan the most physically demanding tasks during early morning or late evening when temperatures are lower. This reduces the risk of heat-related illnesses. Avoiding peak heat hours helps maintain worker productivity and safety.
5. Watch for Signs of Heat Illness
Employees need to stay attentive and conscious to identify signs of heat stress among co-workers. Stay alert for symptoms like dizziness, excessive sweating, muscle cramps, or confusion. Early detection can prevent conditions from escalating into serious medical emergencies. Encourage team members to look out for each other.
6. Provide proper ventilation and fans
For indoor worksites, employers should install proper ventilation systems and air conditioners working 24/7 to maintain the temperature. However, for outdoor worksites, it’s important to have proper fans installed and air coolers that can blow cool air on the workers. It’s important that employers ensure work areas have adequate airflow using fans, exhaust systems, or open windows.
7. Use Sunscreen and protective gear
It’s necessary to keep the skin protected from harmful UV rays by applying broad-spectrum sunscreen regularly. Wearing hats, sunglasses, and UV-protective clothing adds an extra layer of defense against sunburn and heat stress.
8. Encourage a Buddy System
A buddy system is established when you pair workers together on a single task. In this way, each of them can monitor the other co-worker for any sign of heat stress and report promptly. He promotes quicker response and support if someone shows symptoms. A buddy system enhances safety by fostering teamwork and vigilance.
9. Adjust workloads and expectations
Employers need to modify tasks to reduce physical strain during hot conditions, allowing workers to pace themselves. Setting realistic goals helps prevent overexertion and heat-related fatigue. They should offer flexible workloads to ensure safety without sacrificing productivity.
10. Adjust workloads and expectations
Organizations need to take necessary measures to train the workforce to enable them to recognize the hazards. They should learn about different prevention strategies and all possible symptoms of heat stress and exhaustion. Educated workers are better prepared to protect themselves and their coworkers. Ongoing training fosters a culture of safety and awareness in the workplace.
Wrap Up
Prioritizing heat stress prevention is essential for a safe and productive workplace during the summer months. By implementing these practical tips, employers can protect their teams from heat-related illnesses. Remember, a well-informed and prepared workforce is the key to beating the heat safely.
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